NGO (Non-governmental organizations)
On May 21, 1961, an article named “The Forgotten Prisoners” on the front page of the London Observer which spoke out against all people imprisoned because of peaceful expression of their beliefs, politics, race, religion, color or national origin created storms among the newspapers across more than 12 nations.
In this article “Peter Benenson” a British lawyer and also the founder of “Amnesty International” encouraged people to write letters to the government official in countries which had prisoners of conscience to ask for their release. This is one of the examples “what NGOs do.”
The World Bank has defined NGOs as ‘The Private organizations, which are linked to such activities which tend to overcome the various problems of the society, encourages the interests of the poor, the safety of the environment, basic social services or the responsibility of community development’.
According to the main document of the World Bank’s “Working with NGOs”; NGOs are an institution which is non-profit and independent of the government. Fundamentally based on moral values, these institutions are full or partly dependent on donations or funds and voluntary services.
Non-governmental organizations, or NGOs, were first called such in Article 71 in the Charter of the newly formed United Nations in 1945. While NGOs have no fixed or formal definition, they are generally defined as nonprofit entities independent of governmental influence (although they may receive government funding).
As one can tell from the basic definition above, the difference between nonprofit organizations (NPOs) and NGOs is slim. However, the term “NGO” is not typically applied to U.S.-based nonprofit organizations. Generally, the NGO label is given to organizations operating on an international level although some countries classify their own civil society groups as NGOs.
How NGOs are formed and How do they function?
If a group or community or an individual wants to work for social welfare or reform, then they can work towards it through an NGO by registering or without registering. You can get financial assistance from the government and granting organization on working from Registered NGO. If a social worker doesn’t seek financial assistance, he can also do social welfare without registering.
In India, NGOs can be registered in three ways. All three have their own values and are used in order to fulfill the different objectives.
1. Society
2. Trust
3. Company (Under section 25)
Society
The society is also an NGO registered under the Societies Registration Act 1860. You can register this in two ways, State level & Centre level. At State level, you can work within your own state and at the Center level, you can work in the entire country. It takes about one to two months to register it.
To register the state level NGO, you will need 7 people, in which you can not include members of your household.
To register at the centre level, you need 8 members all of them should be from different states.
Trust
Trust is also an NGO, it is registered under the Indian Trusts Act / Bombay Trust Act / Devasthan Trust Act. There must be at least two members in it. It is mandatory to include the property in order to get the registration of trusts such as land or building.
Company (Under Section-25)
A non-profit company is also an NGO, it is registered under the Company Act. There are at least two people are needed. The organization under the Companies Act can work in entire India.
How do NGOs earn to pay salary to their staff?
NGO staff do not get paid much as compared to the corporate world. NGOs rely on donations to run their operation. Since they cannot generate their income they rely on the funders to pay their costs.
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Source: www.learningtogive.org
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